Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing offline store attributes and online store attributes on brand loyalty through omni-channel experience and brand love, focusing on Chinese smartphone brands in Indonesia among Generation Z and Millennial consumers. The research data were collected using a survey method through the online distribution of questionnaires to 150 respondents, of which 127 completed responses were used as the study sample. Data analysis was conducted using factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The strength of this study lies in its omni-channel context, which integrates both online and offline dimensions. The results show that both offline and online store attributes positively influence omni-channel experience, brand love, and brand loyalty. Brand love further strengthens brand loyalty. Offline and online store attributes serve as key drivers of omni-channel experience, which enhances brand love and ultimately leads to brand loyalty (R² = 77.2%). Omni-channel experience partially mediates the relationship between offline store attributes and brand love, while fully mediating the relationship between online store attributes and brand love. Managerial implications for enhancing brand loyalty include providing responsive service, maintaining store cleanliness and neatness, and ensuring that online systems facilitate easy access to and comparison of a wide range of products. Furthermore, the strategy for enhancing the omni-channel experience is focused on strengthening offline and online store attributes through the provision of a comprehensive product assortment and quality that meets customer expectations.
Keywords
Article Details

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References
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References
Ahuvia, A., Izberk-Bilgin, E., & Lee, K. (2022). Towards a theory of brand love in services: the power of identity and social relationships. Journal of Service Management, 33(3), 453–464. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOSM-06-2021-0221
Ali, A., Sherwani, M., Ali, A., Ali, Z., & Sherwani, M. (2020). Investigating the antecedents of halal brand product purchase intention: an empirical investigation. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 12(7), 1339–1362. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2019-0063
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Ameen, N., Tarhini, A., Shah, M., & Madichie, N. O. (2020). Going with the flow: smart shopping malls and omnichannel retailing. Journal of Services Marketing, 35(3), 325–348. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-02-2020-0066
Anggara, A. K. D., Ratnasari, R. T., & Osman, I. (2023). How store attribute affects customer experience, brand love, and brand loyalty. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(11), 2980–3006. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2022-0002
Baker, T. L., Hunt, J. B., & Scribner, L. L. (2002). The effect of introducing a new brand on consumer perceptions of current brand similarity: the roles of product knowledge and involvement. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 10(4), 45–57.
Bentler, P. M., & Hu, L. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 424–453.
Biswas, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Barai, P., & Samanta, P. (2024). Understanding the relationship between in-store and online shopping channel choice behaviour of customers: a systematic literature review. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2402510
Cha, S. S., & Park, C. (2017). Consumption value effects on shopping mall attributes: Moderating role of on/off-line channel type. Journal of Distribution Science, 15(6), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.15.6.201706.5
D’Astous, A. (2000). Irritating aspects of the shopping environment. Journal of Business Research, 49(2), 149–156.
Da Silva, R. V., & Syed Alwi, S. F. (2008). Online corporate brand image, satisfaction, and loyalty. Journal of Brand Management, 16(3), 119–144.
Duh, H. I., & Pwaka, O. (2023). Grocery retailer’s brand performances from brand personalities and marketing offerings. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 51(13), 101–122. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-10-2022-0404
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Gahler, M., Klein, J. F., & Paul, M. (2023). Customer Experience: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Application in Omnichannel Environments. Journal of Service Research, 26(2), 191–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/10946705221126590
Ganesh, J., Reynolds, K. E., Luckett, M., & Pomirleanu, N. (2010). Online Shopper Motivations, and e-Store Attributes: An Examination of Online Patronage Behavior and Shopper Typologies. Journal of Retailing, 86(1), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2010.01.003
Gerea, C., Gonzalez-Lopez, F., & Herskovic, V. (2021). Omnichannel customer experience and management: An integrative review and research agenda. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(5), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052824
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Huang, H., Zuo, S., & Lu, Y. (2025). The Relationship Between Short-term Consumer Behavior and Brand Loyalty in the Context of Precision Marketing: Based on Brand Relationship Dynamic Model. Procedia Computer Science, 262, 1235–1244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.05.165
Hussain, S., Seet, P. S., Qazi, A., Salam, A., Sadeque, S., & Shar, S. (2025). Brand loyalty and repurchase intention in the face of opportunistic recalls: The moderating role of perceived dialogical CSR communication. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 84(December 2024), 104226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2025.104226
Jain, N. K., Kamboj, S., Kumar, V., & Rahman, Z. (2018). Examining consumer-brand relationships on social media platforms. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 36(1), 63–78.
Jeeva, V., Alagiriswamy, R. K., & Bousrih, J. (2023). E – Retailing Attributes with Consumer Satisfaction, Trust, and Repurchase Intention. Review of Economics and Finance, 20(March), 867–879. https://doi.org/10.55365/1923.x2022.20.98
Jiang, L., Li, Q., & Wu, X. (2023). The Impact of Clothing E-Store Image on Intention Based on Search and Purchase Phases: From the Perspective of Sustainable Marketing. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010871
Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. (2015). Likert Scale: Explored and Explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2015/14975
Kencebay, B., & Ertugan, A. (2025). Understanding the Mediating Effect of Brand Equity on Sustainability and Omnichannel Operation and Phygital Experience. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(5), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051878
Khalid, B. (2024). Evaluating customer perspectives on omnichannel shopping satisfaction in the fashion retail sector. Heliyon, 10(16), e36027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36027
Khan, A., Mohammad, A. S., & Muhammad, S. (2021). An integrated model of brand experience and brand love for halal brands: survey of halal fast food consumers in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 12(8), 1492–1520. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2019-0236
Khan, I., & Rahman, Z. (2016). Retail brand experience: scale development and validation. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(5), 435–451.
Koo, D. M., Kim, J. J., & Lee, S. H. (2008). Personal values as underlying motives of shopping online. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 20(2), 156–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555850810864533
Kumar, A. (2010). The effect of store environment on consumer evaluations and behavior toward single-brand apparel retailers.
Kupfer, A. K., Marchand, A., & Hennig-Thurau, T. (2024). Explaining physical retail store closures in digital times. Journal of Retailing, 100(4), 512–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2024.07.001
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Lisnawati, Hurriyati, R., Disman, & Gaffar, V. (2021). Omnichannel Customer Experience: A Literature Review. Proceedings of the 5th Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship (GCBME 2020), 187(Gcbme 2020), 585–589. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210831.113
Mathwick, C., Malhotra, N., & Rigdon, E. (2001). Experiential value: Conceptualization, measurement, and application in the catalog and Internet shopping environment. Journal of Retailing, 77(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(00)00045-2
Mofokeng, T. E. (2021). The impact of online shopping attributes on customer satisfaction and loyalty: Moderating effects of e-commerce experience. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1968206
Moliner, M. A., & Tortosa-Edo, V. (2024). Multirooming: generating e-satisfaction throughout omnichannel consumer journey design and online customer experience. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 18(3), 349–369. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIM-05-2023-0149
Na, M., Rong, L., Ali, M. H., Alam, S. S., Masukujjaman, M., & Ali, K. A. M. (2023). The Mediating Role of Brand Trust and Brand Love between Brand Experience and Loyalty: A Study on Smartphones in China. Behavioral Sciences, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060502
Natarajan, T., & Veera Raghavan, D. R. (2024). How integrated store-service quality promotes omnichannel shoppers’ word-of-mouth behaviors: the moderating role of perceived relationship investment and the shopper’s perceived value. TQM Journal, 36(4), 1113–1144. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-12-2022-0364
Nikhashemi, S. R., Tarofder, A. K., Gaur, S. S., & Haque, A. (2016). The Effect of Customers’ Perceived Value of Retail Store on Relationship between Store Attribute and Customer Brand Loyalty: Some Insights from Malaysia. Procedia Economics and Finance, 37(16), 432–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(16)30148-4
Piotrowicz, W., & Cuthbertson, R. (2018). Exploring omnichannel retailing: Common expectations and diverse realities. In Exploring Omnichannel Retailing: Common Expectations and Diverse Realities. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98273-1
Rahman, R., Langner, T., & Temme, D. (2021). Brand love: conceptual and empirical investigation of a holistic causal model. In Journal of Brand Management (Vol. 28, Issue 6). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-021-00237-7
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