Main Article Content
Abstract
Medical personnel are strategic actors in the healthcare system who face heavy workloads, legal risks, and complex professional demands, making the protection of their rights essential. This study analyzes the implementation of policies on the fulfillment of medical personnel’s rights under Article 721 of Government Regulation Number 28 of 2024 at RSUD Kota Tanjungpinang. Using a descriptive qualitative approach within a constructivist paradigm, data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and internal hospital regulations. The data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model and interpreted through the Edwards III policy implementation framework. The findings show that the fulfillment of medical personnel’s rights has been carried out normatively and administratively, but remains not fully optimal in practice. Basic rights, such as social security and occupational safety, are relatively well fulfilled, while strategic rights particularly legal protection, fair compensation, professional recognition, and career development opportunities still face challenges. Key obstacles include limited policy communication, budget and human resource constraints, varying commitment among implementers, and bureaucratic structures that have not fully supported institutional protection. This study concludes that effective fulfillment of medical personnel’s rights requires not only adequate regulations but also stronger institutional capacity and policy implementation at the hospital level.
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References
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References
Anderson, J. E. (2003). Public policymaking (5th ed.). Houghton Mifflin.
Birkland, T. A. (2019). An introduction to the policy process: Theories, concepts, and models of public policy making (4th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351023948
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
Buse, K., Mays, N., & Walt, G. (2005). Making health policy (2nd ed.). Open University Press.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Defar, A., et al. (2021). Health workforce motivation and retention in low-income settings. Human Resources for Health.
Deshpande, R. (2025). ESIC hospital staff strike over unpaid salaries. The Times of India.
Desideria, B. (2025). Aduan malpraktik tenaga medis di Indonesia tahun 2023–2025. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Driscoll, M. (2024). Medical malpractice claims trends in the United States. Medical Liability Review.
Dunn, W. N. (2004). Public policy analysis: An introduction (3rd ed.). Pearson.
Duwel, M., et al. (2022). Financial incentives and physician retention. Health Policy Journal.
Dye, T. R. (2013). Understanding public policy (14th ed.). Pearson.
Edwards, G. C., III. (1980). Implementing public policy. Congressional Quarterly Press.
Grindle, M. S. (1980). Politics and policy implementation in the Third World. Princeton University Press.
Gupta, N., et al. (2021). Compensation and job satisfaction among healthcare workers. Journal of Health Management.
Henry, J. (2025). Medical liability insurance cost trends in the US. American Health Economics Review.
Kuhlmann, E., et al. (2021). Motivation and workforce sustainability in healthcare. Social Science & Medicine.
Kurhayadi. (2023). Implementasi kebijakan publik: Konsep, model, dan tantangan kontemporer. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 14(2), 45–62.
Maloney, S., et al. (2022). Advocacy and wellbeing among junior doctors in Australia. Medical Education Journal.
Malesza, M. (2021). Work stress and healthcare employee motivation. International Journal of Occupational Health.
Mangku, D. G. S., et al. (2022). Perlindungan hukum tenaga medis di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan.
Maxwell, J. A., Malterud, K., & Young, S. (2016). Qualitative research: An interpretive approach to understanding the meaning of social phenomena. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 13(2), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2016.1147351
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Mkoka, D., et al. (2015). Job satisfaction and quality of healthcare delivery. BMC Health Services Research.
Ombudsman Republik Indonesia. (2025). Laporan permasalahan insentif tenaga kesehatan. Ombudsman RI.
Peng, X., et al. (2023). Night shift work and fatigue among healthcare workers. Journal of Occupational Health.
Republik Indonesia. (2024). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 28 Tahun 2024 tentang Peraturan Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia.
Rodriguez, J., et al. (2009). Compensation disparities and organizational conflict. Human Resources in Health.
Rudasingwa, M., & Uwizeye, M. (2017). Healthcare worker dissatisfaction and motivation. Global Health Action.
Sandelowski, M. (2000). Whatever happened to qualitative description? Research in Nursing & Health, 23(4), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-240X(200008)23:4
Sang, L., et al. (2022). Incentives and healthcare workforce performance. Health Policy and Planning.
Silva-Costa, A., et al. (2011). Night work and health effects. Chronobiology International.
Van Meter, D. S., & Van Horn, C. E. (1975). The policy implementation process: A conceptual framework. Administration & Society, 6(4), 445–488. https://doi.org/10.1177/009539977500600404
World Health Organization. (2022). Occupational safety and health for healthcare workers. WHO.
Ying, X., et al. (2022). Legal stress, burnout, and healthcare service quality. Journal of Health Psychology.
Zhou, M., et al. (2022). Compensation fairness and job satisfaction in healthcare. Healthcare Management Review.