Main Article Content
Abstract
The Indonesian luxury goods market has grown significantly over the past decade due to rising disposable incomes, urbanization, and a growing middle class. Understanding the drivers of luxury brands’ purchase intention is essential, especially in Generation Z. This study examines the influence of hedonic, social, and financial value on purchase intention through attitudes toward luxury brands among Generation Z in Indonesia. This study employs PLS-SEM to analyze data collected from 103 Generation Z respondents across Indonesia through an online survey. The results of this study indicate that financial value and hedonic value have a positive and significant influence on customer attitudes toward luxury brands, whereas social value does not have a significant influence on these attitudes. This finding indicates that consumers may prioritize intrinsic qualities of luxury items, such as quality and personal aesthetic appeal, over the social status associated with these goods. Additionally, customer attitude towards luxury brands has a positive and significant influence on purchase intention. The results of this study suggest that luxury brands in Indonesia can increase the purchase intention of Generation Z by fostering a positive attitude towards luxury brands, which offer both financial and hedonic value.
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References
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- Alfikry, A., Widodo, A., Silvianita, A., & Rubiyanti, N. (2024). The Effect of Sensory Marketing, Brand Experience, Brand Image, and Perceived Service Quality on Brand Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable (Study Conducted on Luxury Brand Product Consumers): A Conceptual Paper. Int. J. Sci. Multidiscip. Res, 2(5), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijsmr.v2i5.9424
- Alghanim, S., & Ndubisi, N. O. (2022). The Paradox of Sustainability and Luxury Consumption: The Role of Value Perceptions and Consumer Income. Sustainability, 14(22), 14694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214694
- Amatulli, C., Angelis, M. De, & Donato, C. (2019). An Investigation on the Effectiveness of Hedonic Versus Utilitarian Message Appeals in Luxury Product Communication. Psychology and Marketing, 37(4), 523–534. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21320
- Appiah-Nimo, K., Muthambi, A., & Devey, R. (2023). Consumer-Based Brand Equity of South African Luxury Fashion Brands. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 28(4), 775–791. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-10-2021-0277
- Arora, A., & Kishor, N. (2019). Consumer Attitude Towards Luxury Fashion Brands: A Study of Delhi-NCR. Anusandhan – Ndim S Journal of Business and Management Research, 1(2), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.56411/anusandhan.2019.v1i2.25-35
- Bernadus, M., Kindangen, P., & Tielung, M. V. J. (2023). The Effect of Social Media Marketing on Brand Equity and Consumer Response in a Luxury Fashion Brand. Jurnal Emba Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Manajemen Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 11(3), 1099–1108. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v11i3.50295
- Byun, S.-E., Long, S., & Mann, M. (2020). Drivers and Dynamics of Brand Prominence Preferences Among the Chinese Little Emperors Residing in the US. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 24(1), 66–82. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-01-2019-0007
- Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd Edition). John Wiley & Sons.
- Debby, T., Aprianingsih, A., Anggawidjaja, A. H. P., Wardhono, V. J. W., & Virkar, K. (2024). Prestige or Function? A Study of Intention to Buy Luxury Brands in Indonesia. Media Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 39(1), 132. https://doi.org/10.56444/mem.v39i1.4502
- Eastman, J. K., Iyer, R., & Dekhili, S. (2021). Can Luxury Attitudes Impact Sustainability? The Role of Desire for Unique Products, Culture, and Brand Self‐congruence. Psychology and Marketing, 38(11), 1881–1894. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21546
- Eckhardt, G. M., & Bardhi, F. (2019). New Dynamics of Social Status and Distinction. Marketing Theory, 20(1), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593119856650
- Elgebali, M., & Zaazou, R. (2023). The Impact of Value Perception on Luxury Brand Consumption. Open Journal of Business and Management, 11(05), 2288–2309. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2023.115126
- Fatmawati, I., & Mawaddah, Z. Z. (2024). Exploring Luxury Brand Engagement in a Developing Country: The Role of Social Media Consumer Involvement. E3s Web of Conferences, 571, 02006. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202457102006
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- Halwani, L. (2020). Heritage Luxury Brands: Insight Into Consumer Motivations Across Different Age Groups. Qualitative Market Research an International Journal, 24(2), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/qmr-07-2019-0092
- Hüttl-Maack, V. (2018). Visual art in advertising: new insights on the role of consumers’ art interest and its interplay with the hedonic value of the advertised product. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 27(3), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-02-2017-1424
- Jiang, L., & Shan, J. (2018). Heterogeneity of luxury value perception: a generational comparison in China. International Marketing Review, 35(3), 458–474. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-12-2015-0271
- Jung Choo, H., Moon, H., Kim, H., & Yoon, N. (2012). Luxury customer value. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 16(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612021211203041
- Kalra, G., Jhamb, D., & Mittal, A. (2024). Emotional Brand Attachment, Brand Tribalism, and Co-Creation in Luxury Hotels: Insights From Emerging Economies. The Open Psychology Journal, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/0118743501301683240516055354
- Kim, H., Choi, Y. J., & Lee, Y. (2015). Web Atmospheric Qualities in Luxury Fashion Brand Websites. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 19(4), 384–401. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-09-2013-0103
- Kim, S., Park, K., & Shrum, L. J. (2022). Addressing the Cause-Related Marketing Paradox for Luxury Brands to Increase Prosocial Behavior and Well-Being. Journal of Macromarketing, 42(4), 624–629. https://doi.org/10.1177/02761467221127878
- Kowalczyk, C. M., & Mitchell, N. A. (2021). Understanding the Antecedents to Luxury Brand Consumer Behavior. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 31(3), 438–453. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-09-2020-3126
- Lu, S., & Ahn, J. (2022). The Role of Perceived Value in Shaping Luxury Service Customers’ Self-Brand Connection. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24(2), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584221126794
- Makhitha, K. M. (2021). Black Consumers' Perceptions Towards Luxury Brands in South Africa. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 10(4), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1135
- Nuzula, I. F., & Hidayat, A. S. (2023). The Relationship Between Product Quality, Perception of Luxury, Brand Attitude, and Purchase Intent for Luxury Products: A Quantitative Study on Indonesian Social Media Users. Kne Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i9.13402
- Nuzula, I. F., & Wahyudi, L. (2022). Effects of Brand Attitude, Perceived Value, and Social WOM on Purchase Intentions in Luxury Product Marketing. Innovative Marketing, 18(3), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.18(3).2022.01
- Pan, T. (2024). Status Seeking and Luxury Consumption: The Mediating Roles of Brand Identity and Social Value, and the Moderating Effect of Price Sensitivity. 1(10). https://doi.org/10.61173/76rpwk63
- Park, J., Hyun, H., & Thavisay, T. (2021). A study of antecedents and outcomes of social media WOM towards luxury brand purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58, 102272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102272
- Peng, N., & Chen, A. (2019). Examining Consumers’ Luxury Hotel Stay Repurchase Intentions-Incorporating a Luxury Hotel Brand Attachment Variable Into a Luxury Consumption Value Model. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(3), 1348–1366. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-04-2018-0332
- Pietrzak, J. (2019). Mass Prestige Brands – The End of Traditional Luxury Brand Marketing? Ekonomia Międzynarodowa, 27, 187–198. https://doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.27.03
- Pravinindya, Z. (2023). How Brand Ambassador and Social Media Marketing of Luxury Brand Affect Purchase Intention of Generation Z in Jakarta. Asian Journal of Research in Business and Management. https://doi.org/10.55057/ajrbm.2023.5.3.18
- Rehman, A. ur, Al-Shammari, S. A., & Al‐Mamary, Y. H. (2021). Role of Religiosity and the Mediating Effect of Luxury Value Perception in Luxury Purchase Intention: A Cross-Cultural Examination. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(4), 975–995. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-03-2021-0091
- Salem, S. F., & Chaichi, K. (2018). Investigating Causes and Consequences of Purchase Intention of Luxury Fashion. Management Science Letters, 1259–1272. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2018.10.001
- Septiana, E. D., & Qastharin, A. R. (2021). The Influence of Materialistic Values Towards Young Consumers’ Luxury Fashion Purchase Intention in Indonesia. Advanced International Journal Of Business, Entrepreneurship And SME’S (AIJBES), 3(9), 184–208. https://doi.org/10.35631/AIJBES.39014
- Shahid, S., Islam, J. U., Farooqi, R., & Thomas, G. (2021). Affordable Luxury Consumption: An Emerging Market’s Perspective. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 18(2), 316–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-01-2021-0144
- Soni, N., & Kumar, S. (2024). What Drives New Luxury Consumption? Application of schema Congruity Theory and Heuristic Systematic Framework. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 36(9), 2213–2233. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjml-04-2023-0319
- Statista. (2024). Luxury Goods: Market Data & Analysis. https://www.statista.com/study/55494/luxury-goods-market-data-analysis/
- Thapa, S., Guzmán, F., & Paswan, A. K. (2022). How Isolation Leads to Purchasing Luxury Brands: The Moderating Effects of COVID-19 Anxiety and Social Capital. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 31(6), 984–1001. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-05-2021-3500
- Turunen, L. L. M., & Pöyry, E. (2019). Shopping With the Resale Value in Mind: A Study on Second‐hand Luxury Consumers. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 43(6), 549–556. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12539
- Veloutsou, C., Christodoulides, G., & Guzmán, F. (2022). Charting research on international luxury marketing: where are we now and where should we go next? International Marketing Review, 39(2), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-04-2021-0154
- Wang, P., Kuah, A. T. H., Lu, Q., Wong, C., Thirumaran, K., Adegbite, E., & Kendall, W. (2021). The Impact of Value Perceptions on Purchase Intention of Sustainable Luxury Brands in China and the UK. Journal of Brand Management, 28(3), 325–346. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-020-00228-0
- Wei, J., Shen, H., & Lu, Z. (2024). A Study on the Purchase Intention of Luxury Goods From the Perspective of Face Perception and Expected Regret. Plos One, 19(3), e0297050. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297050
- Wong, K.-Y. J., & Park, S.-Y. (2022). That’s So Gucci: A Comparison of Cultural Values and the Influence of Perceived Values on Luxury Goods Attitudes and Purchase Intention Among Korean and Dutch Millennials. Asian Business & Management, 22(5), 1804–1829. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-022-00193-3
- Xi, X., Yang, J., Jiao, K., Wang, S., & Lu, T. (2022). “We Buy What We Wanna Be”: Understanding the Effect of Brand Identity Driven by Consumer Perceived Value in the Luxury Sector. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002275
- Zhu, J. (2023). Study on the Impact of Luxury Brands Joining Up With New Style Tea Drinks on Consumers’ Purchase Intention. Frontiers in Business Economics and Management, 11(2), 171–174. https://doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v11i2.12582
References
Aggarwal, E., Misra, R., Mahajan, R., & Singh, A. B. (2025). Seeking Self Through Fashion: How Self-Determination Drives Luxury Apparel Purchases in Emerging Economies. International Journal of Management Studies, 32(1), 219–239. https://doi.org/10.32890/ijms2025.32.1.12
Aksoy, H., & Abdulfatai, O. Y. (2019). Exploring the Impact of Religiousness and Culture on Luxury Fashion Goods Purchasing Intention. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 10(3), 768–789. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-01-2018-0022
Alfikry, A., Widodo, A., Silvianita, A., & Rubiyanti, N. (2024). The Effect of Sensory Marketing, Brand Experience, Brand Image, and Perceived Service Quality on Brand Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable (Study Conducted on Luxury Brand Product Consumers): A Conceptual Paper. Int. J. Sci. Multidiscip. Res, 2(5), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.55927/ijsmr.v2i5.9424
Alghanim, S., & Ndubisi, N. O. (2022). The Paradox of Sustainability and Luxury Consumption: The Role of Value Perceptions and Consumer Income. Sustainability, 14(22), 14694. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142214694
Amatulli, C., Angelis, M. De, & Donato, C. (2019). An Investigation on the Effectiveness of Hedonic Versus Utilitarian Message Appeals in Luxury Product Communication. Psychology and Marketing, 37(4), 523–534. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21320
Appiah-Nimo, K., Muthambi, A., & Devey, R. (2023). Consumer-Based Brand Equity of South African Luxury Fashion Brands. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 28(4), 775–791. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-10-2021-0277
Arora, A., & Kishor, N. (2019). Consumer Attitude Towards Luxury Fashion Brands: A Study of Delhi-NCR. Anusandhan – Ndim S Journal of Business and Management Research, 1(2), 25–35. https://doi.org/10.56411/anusandhan.2019.v1i2.25-35
Bernadus, M., Kindangen, P., & Tielung, M. V. J. (2023). The Effect of Social Media Marketing on Brand Equity and Consumer Response in a Luxury Fashion Brand. Jurnal Emba Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Manajemen Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 11(3), 1099–1108. https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v11i3.50295
Byun, S.-E., Long, S., & Mann, M. (2020). Drivers and Dynamics of Brand Prominence Preferences Among the Chinese Little Emperors Residing in the US. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 24(1), 66–82. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-01-2019-0007
Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd Edition). John Wiley & Sons.
Debby, T., Aprianingsih, A., Anggawidjaja, A. H. P., Wardhono, V. J. W., & Virkar, K. (2024). Prestige or Function? A Study of Intention to Buy Luxury Brands in Indonesia. Media Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 39(1), 132. https://doi.org/10.56444/mem.v39i1.4502
Eastman, J. K., Iyer, R., & Dekhili, S. (2021). Can Luxury Attitudes Impact Sustainability? The Role of Desire for Unique Products, Culture, and Brand Self‐congruence. Psychology and Marketing, 38(11), 1881–1894. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21546
Eckhardt, G. M., & Bardhi, F. (2019). New Dynamics of Social Status and Distinction. Marketing Theory, 20(1), 85–102. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593119856650
Elgebali, M., & Zaazou, R. (2023). The Impact of Value Perception on Luxury Brand Consumption. Open Journal of Business and Management, 11(05), 2288–2309. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2023.115126
Fatmawati, I., & Mawaddah, Z. Z. (2024). Exploring Luxury Brand Engagement in a Developing Country: The Role of Social Media Consumer Involvement. E3s Web of Conferences, 571, 02006. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202457102006
Gupta, D. G., Shin, H., & Jain, V. (2022). Luxury Experience and Consumer Behavior: A Literature Review. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 41(2), 199–213. https://doi.org/10.1108/mip-12-2021-0438
Hair, J., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Halwani, L. (2020). Heritage Luxury Brands: Insight Into Consumer Motivations Across Different Age Groups. Qualitative Market Research an International Journal, 24(2), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1108/qmr-07-2019-0092
Hüttl-Maack, V. (2018). Visual art in advertising: new insights on the role of consumers’ art interest and its interplay with the hedonic value of the advertised product. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 27(3), 262–276. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-02-2017-1424
Jiang, L., & Shan, J. (2018). Heterogeneity of luxury value perception: a generational comparison in China. International Marketing Review, 35(3), 458–474. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-12-2015-0271
Jung Choo, H., Moon, H., Kim, H., & Yoon, N. (2012). Luxury customer value. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 16(1), 81–101. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612021211203041
Kalra, G., Jhamb, D., & Mittal, A. (2024). Emotional Brand Attachment, Brand Tribalism, and Co-Creation in Luxury Hotels: Insights From Emerging Economies. The Open Psychology Journal, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.2174/0118743501301683240516055354
Kim, H., Choi, Y. J., & Lee, Y. (2015). Web Atmospheric Qualities in Luxury Fashion Brand Websites. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 19(4), 384–401. https://doi.org/10.1108/jfmm-09-2013-0103
Kim, S., Park, K., & Shrum, L. J. (2022). Addressing the Cause-Related Marketing Paradox for Luxury Brands to Increase Prosocial Behavior and Well-Being. Journal of Macromarketing, 42(4), 624–629. https://doi.org/10.1177/02761467221127878
Kowalczyk, C. M., & Mitchell, N. A. (2021). Understanding the Antecedents to Luxury Brand Consumer Behavior. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 31(3), 438–453. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-09-2020-3126
Lu, S., & Ahn, J. (2022). The Role of Perceived Value in Shaping Luxury Service Customers’ Self-Brand Connection. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 24(2), 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584221126794
Makhitha, K. M. (2021). Black Consumers' Perceptions Towards Luxury Brands in South Africa. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 10(4), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1135
Nuzula, I. F., & Hidayat, A. S. (2023). The Relationship Between Product Quality, Perception of Luxury, Brand Attitude, and Purchase Intent for Luxury Products: A Quantitative Study on Indonesian Social Media Users. Kne Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v8i9.13402
Nuzula, I. F., & Wahyudi, L. (2022). Effects of Brand Attitude, Perceived Value, and Social WOM on Purchase Intentions in Luxury Product Marketing. Innovative Marketing, 18(3), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.18(3).2022.01
Pan, T. (2024). Status Seeking and Luxury Consumption: The Mediating Roles of Brand Identity and Social Value, and the Moderating Effect of Price Sensitivity. 1(10). https://doi.org/10.61173/76rpwk63
Park, J., Hyun, H., & Thavisay, T. (2021). A study of antecedents and outcomes of social media WOM towards luxury brand purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 58, 102272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102272
Peng, N., & Chen, A. (2019). Examining Consumers’ Luxury Hotel Stay Repurchase Intentions-Incorporating a Luxury Hotel Brand Attachment Variable Into a Luxury Consumption Value Model. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(3), 1348–1366. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-04-2018-0332
Pietrzak, J. (2019). Mass Prestige Brands – The End of Traditional Luxury Brand Marketing? Ekonomia Międzynarodowa, 27, 187–198. https://doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.27.03
Pravinindya, Z. (2023). How Brand Ambassador and Social Media Marketing of Luxury Brand Affect Purchase Intention of Generation Z in Jakarta. Asian Journal of Research in Business and Management. https://doi.org/10.55057/ajrbm.2023.5.3.18
Rehman, A. ur, Al-Shammari, S. A., & Al‐Mamary, Y. H. (2021). Role of Religiosity and the Mediating Effect of Luxury Value Perception in Luxury Purchase Intention: A Cross-Cultural Examination. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(4), 975–995. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-03-2021-0091
Salem, S. F., & Chaichi, K. (2018). Investigating Causes and Consequences of Purchase Intention of Luxury Fashion. Management Science Letters, 1259–1272. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2018.10.001
Septiana, E. D., & Qastharin, A. R. (2021). The Influence of Materialistic Values Towards Young Consumers’ Luxury Fashion Purchase Intention in Indonesia. Advanced International Journal Of Business, Entrepreneurship And SME’S (AIJBES), 3(9), 184–208. https://doi.org/10.35631/AIJBES.39014
Shahid, S., Islam, J. U., Farooqi, R., & Thomas, G. (2021). Affordable Luxury Consumption: An Emerging Market’s Perspective. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 18(2), 316–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-01-2021-0144
Soni, N., & Kumar, S. (2024). What Drives New Luxury Consumption? Application of schema Congruity Theory and Heuristic Systematic Framework. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 36(9), 2213–2233. https://doi.org/10.1108/apjml-04-2023-0319
Statista. (2024). Luxury Goods: Market Data & Analysis. https://www.statista.com/study/55494/luxury-goods-market-data-analysis/
Thapa, S., Guzmán, F., & Paswan, A. K. (2022). How Isolation Leads to Purchasing Luxury Brands: The Moderating Effects of COVID-19 Anxiety and Social Capital. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 31(6), 984–1001. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpbm-05-2021-3500
Turunen, L. L. M., & Pöyry, E. (2019). Shopping With the Resale Value in Mind: A Study on Second‐hand Luxury Consumers. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 43(6), 549–556. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12539
Veloutsou, C., Christodoulides, G., & Guzmán, F. (2022). Charting research on international luxury marketing: where are we now and where should we go next? International Marketing Review, 39(2), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-04-2021-0154
Wang, P., Kuah, A. T. H., Lu, Q., Wong, C., Thirumaran, K., Adegbite, E., & Kendall, W. (2021). The Impact of Value Perceptions on Purchase Intention of Sustainable Luxury Brands in China and the UK. Journal of Brand Management, 28(3), 325–346. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-020-00228-0
Wei, J., Shen, H., & Lu, Z. (2024). A Study on the Purchase Intention of Luxury Goods From the Perspective of Face Perception and Expected Regret. Plos One, 19(3), e0297050. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297050
Wong, K.-Y. J., & Park, S.-Y. (2022). That’s So Gucci: A Comparison of Cultural Values and the Influence of Perceived Values on Luxury Goods Attitudes and Purchase Intention Among Korean and Dutch Millennials. Asian Business & Management, 22(5), 1804–1829. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41291-022-00193-3
Xi, X., Yang, J., Jiao, K., Wang, S., & Lu, T. (2022). “We Buy What We Wanna Be”: Understanding the Effect of Brand Identity Driven by Consumer Perceived Value in the Luxury Sector. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002275
Zhu, J. (2023). Study on the Impact of Luxury Brands Joining Up With New Style Tea Drinks on Consumers’ Purchase Intention. Frontiers in Business Economics and Management, 11(2), 171–174. https://doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v11i2.12582